弧度=弧长/半径
角度=使用量角器获得的度数
使用弧度的原因是,在微积分,三角函数合并时书写会很简单。
To convertdegrees to radians, multiply by π/180 ;to convert radians to
degrees, multiply by 180/π .
http://www.mathstat.strath.ac.uk/basicmaths/312_degreesandradians.html
三角函数: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions
三角函数的等式: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric_identities