可以使用smartctl来查看你的disk的信息；
smartctl的disk路径和名字可以通过命令cat /proc/partitions 来得到。

sudo smartctl -d ata -a /dev/sda           
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.36.3.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     MTFDDAK512MBF-xx
Serial Number:    xxx
LU WWN Device Id: xxx
Firmware Version: xxx
User Capacity:    512,110,190,592 bytes [512 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   ACS-3 (unknown minor revision code: 0x011b)
SATA Version is:  SATA >3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Wed Dec  6 10:22:40 2017 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
...

从Device
Model中，可以知道，我的硬盘是MTFDDAK512MBF，在网址google一下，就知道它是Micron产的，具体的内容为了安全考虑，我就不贴出来了。

smartctl中的type的解释：
ATA, SCSI command sets and SAT

In the past there has been a clear distinction between storage devices that
used the ATA and SCSI command sets. This distinction was often reflected in
their device naming and hardware. Now various SCSI transports (e.g. SAS, FC
and iSCSI) can interconnect to both SCSI disks (e.g. FC and SAS) and ATA disks
(especially SATA). USB and IEEE 1394 storage devices use the SCSI command set
externally but almost always contain ATA or SATA disks (or flash). The storage
subsystems in some operating systems have started to remove the distinction
between ATA and SCSI in their device naming policies.

99% of operations that an OS performs on a disk involve the SCSI INQUIRY, READ
CAPACITY, READ and WRITE commands, or their ATA equivalents. Since the SCSI
commands are slightly more general than their ATA equivalents, many OSes are
generating SCSI commands (mainly READ and WRITE) and letting a lower level
translate them to their ATA equivalents as the need arises. An important note
here is that “lower level” may be in external equipment and hence outside the
control of an OS.

SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT) is a standard (ANSI INCITS 431-2007) that
specifies how this translation is done. For the other 1% of operations that an
OS performs on a disk, SAT provides two options. First is an optional ATA
PASS-THROUGH SCSI command (there are two variants). The second is a
translation from the closest SCSI command. Most current interest is in the
“pass-through” option.

The relevance to smartmontools (and hence smartctl) is that its interactions
with disks fall solidly into the “1%” category. So even if the OS can happily
treat (and name) a disk as “SCSI”, smartmontools needs to detect the native
command set and act accordingly. As more storage manufacturers (including
external SATA drives) comply with SAT, smartmontools is able to automatically
distinguish the native command set of the device. In some cases the ‘-d sat’
option is needed on the command line.

There are also virtual disks which typically have no useful information to
convey to smartmontools, but could conceivably in the future. An example of a
virtual disk is the OS’s view of a RAID 1 box. There are most likely two SATA
disks inside a RAID 1 box. Addressing those SATA disks from a distant OS is a
challenge for smartmontools. Another approach is running a tool like
smartmontools inside the RAID 1 box (e.g. a Network Attached Storage (NAS)
box) and fetching the logs via a browser.

ref： https://linux.die.net/man/8/smartctl
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/unix_commands/smartctl.htm